必修五 Module 2 The Human Traffic Signal
offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
被动 sb be offered sth
eg: He was offered a good job but he turned it down.
offer to do 主动提出做某事
eg: When I was wandering where I could get so much money for my trip, my sister offered to help.
offer money to sb for sth 出价买
eg: He offered 30,000 yuan to the boss for the car .
offer sb money to do
eg: Taylor offered him 500 dollars to do the work..泰勒愿意出500美元雇佣他做这项工作。
condition 表示状态，状况的时候，相当于state ,主要用单数形式。
eg: These old temples are still in good condition.
You are in no condition to go anywhere.你的身体状况太差，不宜去任何地方。
condition 表示环境，条件以及天气情况的时候，常用作复数形式。
eg: The poor wording conditions led to the poor health of the workers.
Police advised people to stay at home until weather conditions improve.
常与condition搭配的介词是 in under
on condition that =only if =provided that=providing that 倘若，在……条件下
eg: They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before weekend.
On no condition 绝不，无论如何都不
eg: You must on no condition tell them what happened .
eg: It seems that he gets a good salary in that company.
pay 工资，薪水。最普通的用语。可特指军饷。
wages 复数，工资。常指付给体力劳动者的工资，一般按照周或者天发放
fee 手续费，薪金。常指付给律师，医生或者其他专业人员的费用。
income 收入，收益的总称。
做n 的时候，表示平均数
eg: Average salaries in this state are about 1,500 dollars.
He is not very tall .I’d say he is of average height.
on average 平均来看 above /below average 高于、低于平均水平
eg: Her school work is well above average..她的成绩 远远高于平均水平。
eg: He loves science fiction in particular.
She was lying on the sofa doing nothing in particular.她躺在沙发上，无所事事。
Is there anything in particular you would like for dinner?晚饭你想吃点什么特别的么？
be particular about /over 讲究，挑剔
She is very particular about her clothes.
every+数词+名词的复数= every+基数词+名词的单数
eg: They were so tired that they had to stop to have a rest every other hour.
8. in theory 理论上来说 in practice 在实践中
9. respect the rules 遵守规则
10. toll 通行费 a toll road/bridge 收费道路,桥梁。
毁坏或者伤亡的人数 The official death toll has reached 7000.
take a heavy toll on sb/sth 产生恶果，造成重大损失
eg: Illness had taken a heavy toll on her .疾病对她的身体造成了极大的损害。
11. The road is red on one side and green on the other.
本句是个省略句，省略了is .
eg: One of the sides of the board, in his hand has been painted red, and the other green.
12. give sb a tip 给某人小费 live on 活下去，以……为生。
on the tip of one’s tongue 话在嘴边上
13. But often they just pass by , taking the human traffic signal for granted.(分词表伴随)
=and take the human traffic signal for granted.
take sth for granted 认为……理所当然，对……不重视，不把……当回事
eg: Her husband was always there and she just took him for granted.
I just took it for granted that he’d always be around .我还想当然的认为他能随叫随到呢。
14.have a close encounter with death 与死神打了个照面，与死神擦肩而过
eg: He has given up his job as a driver because he has had a close encounter with death.
15. have a profound effect on 有深刻的影响
16. week in, week out 一周又一周
17.from dawn to dusk.从黎明到黄昏
18. take up
(1)占用时间，占据空间 The table takes up too much room./ I will not take up any more of your time.
(2)学着做，开始做（消遣）They have taken up golf .
(3)进入，占据位置I took up my position by the door.我把住了门口。
(4)继续，接着I’d like to take up the question you raised earlier.
P13
be qualified to do 具备知识技能；符合资格
eg: He is not qualified to teach French.
P14
volunteer n 志愿者，自告奋勇者，主动做……的人
eg: Are there any volunteers to help clear up ?有自愿帮忙清扫的人么？
vt volunteer to do sth / volunteer for sth 义务做、无偿做、自愿做
eg: He volunteered to help the old.
Several staff members volunteered for early retirement.几位职员自愿提前退休。
P15
eg: So many papers to sign, so much money to pay back.
eg: He applied for a job as a secretary to the manager.
P17 Everyday English
manage (1) 勉力完成 In spite of his disappointment,he managed a weak smile.
尽管他很失望，他还是勉强挤出一丝微笑。
(2)manage to do =succeed in doing We managed to get to the airport in time.
He is always managing to say the wrong thing.他总是哪壶不开提哪壶。
----Need any help ? ------No ,I can manage.（我能行）
P18.
eg: She opened the door in response to the knock.
eg: I’m grateful to you for your helping me with my work.
eg: The day I’m looking forward to came at last.
He is looking forward to being taken to the Great Wall .
P19 Cultural Corner
The police are looking for the very person related to the accident.
demand sth demand sth from/of sb demand to do demand that sb should do
sth demand doing=sth demand to be done
eg: Tom demanded an immediate letter from/of Jack.
The judge demanded that the prisoner should be sentenced to death.
The bike demands repairing/to be repaired.
注意：无 demand sb to do这种形式
3. require sth require sth of sb require sb to do require to do require that sb should do
require doing =require to be done
eg: He is expected to come at 8, but I’m not sure.
P17 Making deductions about the past
eg: You are wet through. You must have got caught in the rain.
注意：在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表推测的must的时候，简单问句的作用词应该与must后的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。
eg: He must be a worker, isn’t he ?
You must have learnt English for many years ,haven’t you ?
It must have rained last night, didn’t it ?
此句话当中有明显的过去时的时间状语，所以用didn’t it .
eg: She can’t have gone to the cinema for I saw her just now.
-----There were already 5 people in the car but they managed to take me as well .
------It couldn’t have been a comfortable journey.
反意疑问句的同must
He can’t be a teacher ,is he ?
You can’t have learnt English for many years ,have you ?
It can’t have rained last night, did it ?
I was late for school .I might have turned off the alarm o’clock and gone to sleep again.
此外，might have done 要是只用于肯定句，还可以表示 过去本来可以做而没有做
He might have gone, but preferred to remain.他本来可以去的，但却宁愿留下来。